Biography of Hubert Humphrey, the Happy Warrior

Hubert Humphrey (born Hubert Horatio Humphrey Jr.; May 27, 1911–January 13, 1978) was a Democratic politician from Minnesota and the Vice President under Lyndon B. Johnson. His relentless push for civil rights and social justice made him one of the most prominent and effective leaders in the U.S. Senate in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. However, his shifting position on the Vietnam War as Vice President changed his political fortunes, and his support for the war ultimately played a role in his loss of the 1968 presidential election to Richard Nixon. Fast Facts: Hubert Humphrey Known For: Vice President to President Lyndon B. Johnson, five-term senator, and a Democratic candidate in the 1968 presidential electionBorn: May 27, 1911 in Wallace, South DakotaDied: Jan. 13, 1978 in Waverly, MinnesotaEducation: Capitol College of Pharmacy (pharmacists license); University of Minnesota (B.A., political science); Louisiana State University (M.A., political science)Key Accomplishments: His role in the passage of the Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty of 1963 and the Civil Rights Act of 1964Spouse: Muriel Fay Buck HumphreyChildren: Hubert H. III, Douglas, Robert, Nancy Early Years Born in 1911 in Wallace, South Dakota, Humphrey grew up during the Midwests great agricultural depression of the 1920s and 1930s. According to Humphreys Senate biography, the Humphrey family lost its home and business in the Dust Bowl and the Great Depression. Humphrey briefly studied at the University of Minnesota, but soon moved to the Capitol College of Pharmacy to receive his pharmacists license in order to help his father, who ran a drugstore. After a few years as a pharmacist, Humphrey returned to the University of Minnesota to earn his bachelors degree in political science, then went on to Louisiana State University for his masters. What he saw there inspired his first run for elected office. From Mayor to the U.S. Senate Humphrey took up the cause of civil rights after witnessing what he described as the â€Å"deplorable daily indignities† suffered by African Americans in the South. After graduating with his masters degree in Louisiana, Humphrey returned to Minneapolis and ran for mayor, winning on his second try. Among his most notable accomplishments after taking office in 1945 was the creation of the nations first human relations panel, called the Municipal Fair Employment Practices Commission, to crack down on discrimination in hiring. Humphrey served one four-year term as mayor and was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1948. It was that year, too, that he pushed delegates to the Democratic National Convention in Philadelphia to adopt a strong platform plank on civil rights, a move that alienated Southern Democrats and cast doubt on Harry Trumans chances of winning the presidency. Humphreys brief speech on the floor of the convention, which led to the overwhelming passage of the plank, set the party on a path to establish civil rights laws nearly two decades later: To those who say that we are rushing this issue of civil rights, I say to them we are 172 years late. To those who say that this civil-rights program is an infringement on states’ rights, I say this: The time has arrived in America for the Democratic Party to get out of the shadow of states rights and to walk forthrightly into the bright sunshine of human rights. The partys platform on civil rights was as follows: â€Å"We call upon Congress to support our President in guaranteeing these basic and fundamental rights: 1) the right of full and equal political participation; 2) the right to equal opportunity of employment; 3) the right of security of person; and 4) the right of equal treatment in the service and defense of our nation.† From U.S. Senate to Loyal Vice President Humphrey forged an unlikely bond in the U.S. Senate with Lyndon B. Johnson, and in 1964 accepted a role as his running mate in the presidential election. In doing so, Humphrey also vowed his unswerving loyalty to Johnson on all issues, from civil rights to the Vietnam War. Humphrey relinquished many of his most deeply held convictions, becoming what many critics called Johnsons puppet. For example, at Johnsons request, Humphrey asked civil rights activists to back down at the 1964 Democratic National Convention. And despite his deep reservations about the Vietnam War, Humphrey became Johnsons chief spear carrier for the conflict, a move that alienated liberal supporters and activists who protested U.S. involvement. 1968 Presidential Campaign Humphrey became the Democratic Partys accidental presidential nominee in 1968 when Johnson announced he would not seek re-election and another presumptive front-runner for the nomination, Robert Kennedy, was assassinated after winning the California primary in June of that year. Humphrey defeated two war opponents—U.S. Senators Eugene McCarthy of Minnesota and George McGovern of South Dakota—at the tumultuous Democratic National Convention in Chicago that year and chose U.S. Senator Edmund Muskie of Maine as his running-mate. Humphreys campaign against Republican presidential nominee Richard M. Nixon was underfunded and disorganized, however, because of the candidates late start. (Most White House aspirants begin building an organization at least two years before Election Day.) Humphreys campaign really suffered, though, because of his support for the Vietnam War when Americans, particularly liberal voters, were growing skeptical of the conflict. The Democratic nominee reversed course before election day, calling a halt to bombing in September of the election year after facing accusations of baby-killer on the campaign trail. Nonetheless, voters viewed a Humphrey presidency as a continuation of the war, and chose instead Nixons promise of an â€Å"an honorable end to the war in Vietnam.† Nixon won the presidential election with 301 of the 538 electoral votes. Humphrey had run unsuccessfully for the Democratic Partys presidential nomination twice before, once in 1952 and once in 1960. In 1952, Illinois Governor Adlai Stevenson won the nomination. Eight years later, U.S. Senator John F. Kennedy won the nomination. Humphrey also sought the nomination in 1972, but the party chose McGovern. Later Life After losing the presidential election, Humphrey returned to private life teaching political science at Macalester College and the University of Minnesota, though his academic career was short-lived. â€Å"The pull of Washington, the need I suppose, to resurrect my career and previous reputation were too great,† he said. Humphrey won re-election to the U.S. Senate in the 1970 elections. He served until his death from cancer in January 13, 1978. When Humphrey died, his wife, Muriel Fay Buck Humphrey, filled his seat in the Senate, becoming only the 12th woman to serve in the upper chamber of Congress. Legacy Humphreys legacy is a complicated one. He is credited with setting members of Democratic Party on a path to passing the Civil Rights Act in 1964 by championing the causes of social justice for minorities in speeches and rallies over the span of nearly two decades. Humphreys colleagues nicknamed him the happy warrior because of his indefatigable optimism and spirited defense of the weakest members of society. However, he is also known for acquiescing to Johnsons will during the 1964 election, essentially compromising his own long-held convictions. Notable Quotes We have made progress. Weve made great progress in every part of this country. We’ve made great progress in the South; we’ve made it in the West, in the North, and in the East. But we must now focus the direction of that progress towards the realization of a full program of civil rights to all.â€Å"To err is human. To blame someone else is politics.†Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The moral test of government is how that government treats those who are in the dawn of life, the children; those who are in the twilight of life, the elderly; and those who are in shadows of life, the sick, the needy, and the handicapped.† Sources â€Å"Hubert H. Humphrey, 38th Vice President (1965-1969).†Ã‚  U.S. Senate: Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities, Historical Office of the U.S. Senate, 12 Jan. 2017.Brenes, Michael. â€Å"The Tragedy of Hubert Humphrey.†Ã‚  The New York Times, The New York Times, 24 Mar. 2018.Nathanson, Iric. â€Å"The Final Chapter: Hubert Humphrey Returns to Public Life.†Ã‚  MinnPost, 26 May 2011.Traub, James. â€Å"The Party of Hubert Humphrey.†Ã‚  The Atlantic, Atlantic Media Company, 8 Apr. 2018.

Essay Renewable Energy - 2858 Words

What would happen to our world if our energy unexpectedly disappeared? Fossil fuels are very important to our world because they provide an overwhelming majority of our world energy. So, what happens when they run out? This research paper confronts this question with a balanced view attempting to address the issue of what sources might provide energy in the future and come to an objective conclusion. As the world enters a new century, new sources of energy such as wind, solar, and hydrogen power need to be developed to help the world keep running on all cylinders. With the development of these new energy sources, our world would become a cleaner place and the energy crisis would straighten itself out. Global Energy: Facts and Figures†¦show more content†¦These figures convert into the fact that the United States contains only 5 percent of the global population, but consumes 25 percent of the worlds energy. The amount of energy used in the United States alone poses a problem when looking at alternative energy sources. â€Å"Renewable energy sources will have to be successful and as plentiful as petroleum to provide the amount of energy needed around the world† (Mathewson, 1999, p. 279-80). Renewable Energy: Is It Necessary? Petroleum is at the heart of almost all the energy currently produced. While it is easy to transport and use, many people forget the hazards of using fossil fuels. Over the last century, many environmental problems have been caused by the production and transportation of fossil fuels. Such problems include oil spills that kill animals, pollute the ocean, and make economies crash. An example of this would be the Deepwater Horizon spill in Alaska in the early 90’s and most recently the Gulf spill. Other problems on land have caused massive environmental disasters. Such disasters include large-scale erosion from strip mining and deforestation by mining organizations in search of new deposits of fossil fuels. â€Å"Problems caused by the burning of fossil fuels include acid rain that damages forests and contaminates soil, hazardous air pollution, and the suspected global warming effect†(Mathewson, 1999, p. 281). Over the last twenty years, many scientists andShow MoreRelatedRenewable Energies : Renewable Energy980 Words   |  4 PagesRenewable Energies BHARC1403 - ICWS Rishabh Bhasin â€Æ' â€Å"I declare that this assessment is my own work and that the sources of information and material I have used (including the internet) have been fully identified and properly acknowledged as required in the referencing guidelines provided.† â€Æ' Introduction Renewable sources of energy are the ones that can never be exhausted as they are provided by nature. For example- solar, hydro, wind, biomass. 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The main environmental fact... free essay sample

The main environmental factors affecting the global pharmaceutical industry can be described by the PESTEL analysis. PESTEL analysis is a framework or tool used by marketers to analyses and monitor the macro-environmental factors that have an impact on an organization. PESTLE for pharmaceutical industry would be:Political : The policies including foreign as well as domestic of government have a great effect on the industry innovation as compared to the other factors. To get the attentions of firms due to increase of economic importance, government offers special incentives which are attractive to the industry to globalization. To have a proper control over the manufacturing of medicines and drugs, the government makes stringent rules policies on manufacturing, selling and usage of drugs. Economical: The economic factors in a country have a major say in the pharmaceutical policies of a country. The global pharmaceutical industry is effecting due to interest, taxes, inflation and exchange rates which are included in the economic factors of global pharmaceutical industry. Change in the foreign currency rates makes effects on the exports and imports of drugs. High interest rates discourage investment the industry for firms and stake holders. Research and Development is a lengthy procedure which have also economically effect on the industry. Mergers and diversification allows the industry to enter in new market or develop new drugs.Social: There are many components which come under the Social side like the physical health conditions, the kind of social life live etc. Change in social life and trends mention new direction for the local and national pharmaceutical industry. In the same way age of the individuals deeply change the dimensions of the industry like the citizen of a community aged more than 60 yeas consumes more drugs than the young people. Recently, the industry gets attraction and become more popular after impact of global diseases.Technological: Technology has always played a very big role in the advancement of the pharmaceutical industries due to the current methods for development and manufacturing of drugs and open new ways of research and invention. The usage of advance technologies automatically impacts the social, economic, and environment of a country. Advance technology in pharmaceutical industries help full to accurate characterize chemical compounds, better control on new enhance scientific methods and their optimization. This helps in decrease of extra time, money and efforts and produce more accurate drugs for specific d isease, and decrease all hurdles from research to manufacturing efficiently, reliably, and rapidly. Environmental: Environment movements are real threats for Pharmaceutical industry as these movements focus on green environments and reduce chemicals and carbon which comes from pharmaceutical industries. It is not being possible to ignore these issues as they are supposed to be practiced under United Nation charter for clean and better environment. if we do focus on three principal strategies to reduce the input of chemicals compounds, carbon, and waste water in to the environment are substitution of complex chemical compounds, advance technical approach, and proper education and training of doctors, retailers and consumers.Legal: Drug safety and its usage is a key function of any government. Pricing policies and product liability laws on pharmaceutical innovation are highly affected. The innovation of pharmaceutical is also affected because of regulation. This cause delay in the market launch of new products and process through lengthy approval time. 2. Porters five forces help identify their attractiveness in the industry in terms of the five competitive forces which are:The threat of entry: Barriers to entry are the factors that need to be overcome by the new entrance if they are to compete in the industry. Many pharmaceutical companies are progressing in the market by shifting from traditional business approach to emerging new business approach. The new business technique includes contract research (drug discovery and clinical trials), contract manufacturing and co-marketing alliance.The threat of substitutes: Substitutes are products or services that offer similar benefits to industries products or services by different process. Substitute can reduce demand for a particular product as customers switch to alternatives. The simple risk of substitution puts a cap on the prices that can be charged in an industry. Generic manufacturers do not incur the high cost involved in research and development and regulatory activities such as FDA approval and clinical trials.The power of the buyers: Buyers are the organizations immediate customers, where buyers are powerful they can demand cheap prices or products improvements liable to reduce profits. When buyers can easily switch between one supplier and another they have strong negotiating position. Pharmaceutical industry has one unique feature that the buyer is different from influencer who is a doctor. The consumer has no option but to buy drug as prescribed by physician. Therefore, the bargaining power of patient is very low.The power of the supplier: Suppliers are those who supply the organizations with what they need to produce the products. Where just a few producers dominate supply, suppliers have more power over buyers. If it is expensive to move from one supplier to another the buyers become dependent and correspondingly weak.Competitive Rivalry: Due to increasing demand of high-quality drugs, low-to-moderate entry barrier to the new entrant, the presence of a number of large and small firm this market is highly competitive.3. Through this model, Porter classifies five main competitive forces that affect any market and all industries. It is these forces that determine how much competition will exist in a market and consequently the profitability and attractiveness of this market for a company. Through sound corporate strategies, a company will aim to shape these forces to its advantage to strengthen the organizations position in the industry. For the purpose of this model, industry attractiveness is the overall profitability potential of the industry. An attractive industry will be one where the combined power of the competitive forces will increase profitability potential. While an unattractive industry will be one where the collective impact of the forces will drive down profitability potential. The five competitive forces jointly determine the strength of industry competition and profitability. The strongest force (or forces) rules and should be the focal point of any industry analysis and resulting competitive strategy. Short-term factors that affect competition and profitability should be distinguished from the competitive forces that form the underlying structure of an industry. Although these short-term factors may have some tactical significance, analysis should focus on the industrys underlying characteristics. 4. The strategic choices made by Pfizer are as follows :Refocus and optimize the patent-protected portfolio.Grow in emerging markets.Invest in Complementary businesses.Instill a culture of innovation and continuous improvement.Drivers behind these choices: Many large pharmaceutical companies were facing their toughest outlook in a decade. The industry had made a tremendous contribution to human well-being, yet was vilified in the media and targeted by governments in their efforts to curb spiraling healthcare costs. RD costs had risen sharply, while the product life cycle had shortened. Product approval, pricing and promotion were subject to increasingly onerous regulation, yet free trade allowed wholesalers to extract a large chunk of value from the chain without adding anything back. Pfizer acquired Warner-Lambert, Pharmacia and Wyeth, Even Merck, which had doggedly followed an organic growth strategy, announced a merger with Schering-Plough in March 2009. The pharmaceutical market remains relatively fragmented, with very large numbers of domestic and regional players. However, it has consolidated at the global level, with the top 10 companies holding 43% of the market in 2011. The acquisition of Warner-Lambert gave Pfizer full marketing rights to Lipitor, which Pfizer then built into the worlds best-selling drug.

Les Pueples De La Mer Mditerrane Essays - Sea Peoples, Trojans

Les Pueples De La Mer M?diterran?e Michael Woods brings up an interesting mystery of the ancient world that puzzles learned people of modern times. Although Wood strongly suggests that the Sea Peoples were a result of mass migrations, recent research has disproved many of the theories upon which Wood based his opinions. There is evidence to show that the Sea Peoples were not a product of mass migrations. The Trojan War, much like the Sea Peoples remains a mystery. Many theories have been developed to explain its occurrence. According to Homers The Iliad, the Trojan War was waged over the most beautiful woman in the world, Helen. The accepted explanation in modern times is the city was pillaged either for its wealth or to put an end to their control over the Dardanelles. Not much is known about the war, except for the accounts in The Iliad, which may be fictitious. The war was said to be a ten-year siege on Troy at the hands of the Achaeans, who eventually became the victors. Many archaeologists have ventured to the Dardanelles in search of the long-lost city of Troy, which is believed to be on the site of hissarlik. Heinrich Schliemann was credited with some of the most contributive discoveries as to the location of the city, yet he was also guilty of rewriting history to fit those discoveries. He destroyed numerous artifacts because of his primitive archaeological techniques. Many more archaeologists followed in his footsteps hoping to be the one to discover Troy. In the series, In Search of the Trojan War Michael Woods attempts to explain many of the mysteries surrounding Troy. One of those mysteries, are the Sea Peoples. The Sea Peoples were invaders who swept over Asia Minor and Syria near the end of the twelfth century BC. They destroyed the Hittite Kingdom around this time. The first written record of the Sea Peoples was in the tablets of Ramses III at Medinet Habu. These tablets were a written chronicle of his war victories. Most knowledge about the Sea Peoples comes from these tablets. The term Sea Peoples was coined by an error according to Christopher Robbins. He writes that a French scholar named Gaston Maspero shortened the term to peuples de la mer in 1870 from les peuples de la mer mediterranee. This phrase now misleads people to believe that the Sea Peoples lived on the sea or on islands, when in fact all people living near the Mediterranean Sea are referred to as Mediterranean. Robbins states that this mistake was due to Masperos misinterpretation of the inscriptions at Medinet Habu. Maspero concluded that the Sea Peoples were a result of mass migrations (V?lkerwanderungen) that came by both land and sea. Michael Woods stated in, In Search of the Trojan War episode 6 that, Greek tradition and archaeology show that there were migrations of Greek speaking people to these same places at this time (219). This supports Gaston Masperos belief that the Sea Peoples were a product of migrations, because it sets the time-period. He then declares on page 218 of In Search of the Trojan War that, some of the peoples of the sea were migrants, many were demonstrably traditional pirates. The mass migration hypothesis was accepted because no other sensible solution was available and so it became the accepted explanation. Immanuel Velikovsky writes A modern scholar expressed this very view at her conviction that these armies were a well-organized state and not migrating hordes uprooted from their domicile(120). He is referring to their skill in war, a group of wandering migrates would not be able to destroy the Hittite Kingdom and bring about a Dark Age, without sufficient training. Considerable new evidence has been discovered that shows this theory is unreasonable. Woods never mentions any of this information or anything in opposition to his own beliefs, but allows viewers to see testimony from those in sync with his own ideas. Immanuel Velikovsky, author of Peoples of the Sea, asserts that, Ramses the III lived 800 years later; that the events in question took place in the first part of the fourth century before the present era; and that the Peoples of the Sea were Greek mercenaries and the